It is expected to replace lithium-ion batteries! US scientists develop new "dream battery"
American scientists published a paper in the latest issue of the "Journal of the American Chemical Society" saying that they have developed a new type of sodium-sulfur battery that solves the problems of dendrites commonly faced by similar batteries and makes the battery life longer - after 300 cycles Charge and discharge are still stable performance. The latest research is an important milestone on the road to commercialization of sodium-sulfur batteries, which are expected to replace the widely used lithium-ion batteries in the future.
: Rhwydwaith Sefydliad Ffiseg
Mae batris ïon lithiwm yn cael eu defnyddio'n eang ar hyn o bryd mewn ffonau clyfar a cherbydau trydan. Fodd bynnag, nid yn unig y mae lithiwm a chobalt, y deunyddiau crai ar gyfer cynhyrchu batris ïon lithiwm, yn gyfyngedig mewn cronfeydd wrth gefn, ond maent hefyd yn cael effaith negyddol benodol ar yr amgylchedd, gan gynnwys defnyddio llawer iawn o ddŵr daear, llygredd. o ffynonellau pridd a dŵr, mae allyriadau carbon yn uchel. Mae deunyddiau fel sodiwm a sylffwr yn rhatach, ar gael yn haws (gellir cael sodiwm o'r cefnfor) ac yn fwy ecogyfeillgar. Gyda hyn mewn golwg, mae ymchwilwyr wedi bod yn gweithio ar fatris sy'n seiliedig ar sodiwm sy'n gallu gweithredu ar dymheredd ystafell am yr 20 mlynedd diwethaf.
The latest research leader, Professor Arumgan Mantiram, Director of the Materials Institute at the University of Texas at Austin, said: "The sodium and sulfur are abundant, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective, making sodium-sulfur batteries a promising alternative. kind of 'dream battery'."
In two recent studies of sodium batteries by Mantiram's team, the scientists adjusted the composition of the electrolyte to help ions move back and forth between the cathode and anode, stimulating the charging and discharging of the battery. In addition, they have overcome a common problem in sodium batteries -- needle-like dendrites that grow on the battery's anode, causing the battery to rapidly age, short-circuit, and even catch fire and explode.
The researchers explain that in previous sodium-sulfur battery electrolytes, intermediate compounds formed from sulfur would dissolve in the electrolyte and shuttle between the two electrodes within the battery, leading to material loss, component degradation and dendrite formation. The new electrolyte they formulated uses an inert (not involved in chemical reaction) solvent to dilute the concentrated salt solution, thereby keeping the electrolyte in a "semi-dissolved" state. The results show that the new electrolyte can prevent the dissolution of sulfur, thus solving the shuttle and dendrite problems. This allows the battery to last longer, showing stable performance after 300 charge-discharge cycles.
Mae prisiau lithiwm wedi codi’n aruthrol dros y flwyddyn ddiwethaf, ac mae galwadau am ddewisiadau amgen i fatris ïon lithiwm wedi cynyddu’n uwch. Mae'r ymchwilwyr yn bwriadu adeiladu ar y datblygiad arloesol hwn trwy brofi batris mwy i weld a ellir eu cymhwyso i gerbydau trydan a storio ffynonellau ynni adnewyddadwy fel gwynt a solar.
